HISTORY · REGION · INSTITUTION · CREATION

黑人文化

Black culture

不是一种音乐、审美或政治立场,而是非裔美国人在不同地区、阶层和时代形成的多种生活与创造传统。

Not one music, aesthetic, or politics, but varied African American ways of life and creation across regions, classes, and eras.

01 · HISTORY

制度背景

Institutional history

奴隶制、解放与重建、吉姆·克劳、大迁徙、民权运动、住房隔离、教育与当代社会运动共同构成背景。家庭、教会、学校、报刊、互助组织和企业让文化得以保存、争论和传播。

Slavery, emancipation and Reconstruction, Jim Crow, the Great Migration, civil rights, housing segregation, education, and current movements form the background. Families, churches, schools, press, mutual-aid groups, and businesses preserve and circulate culture.

02 · DIFFERENCE

地区与族群内部差异

Regional and internal difference

南部农村、哈莱姆、芝加哥、底特律、洛杉矶、华盛顿、亚特兰大与新奥尔良拥有不同迁徙史、产业和声音。加勒比与非洲移民、混血身份、阶层、性别、宗教和年龄又进一步改变“黑人经验”的含义。

The rural South, Harlem, Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles, Washington, Atlanta, and New Orleans hold different migration histories, industries, and sounds. Caribbean and African migration, mixed identity, class, gender, faith, and age further vary Black experience.

03 · CULTURE

创造与影响

Creation and influence

04 · COMMERCE

表达与权利

Expression and rights

黑人文化月、六月节、发型、非洲印花、俚语或音乐不能被当作同一套视觉包。具体历史、地区、创作者、授权、报酬和社群受益决定了合作是否成立。

Black History Month, Juneteenth, hair, African prints, slang, and music are not one visual package. Specific history, region, creator, permission, payment, and community benefit determine whether collaboration is credible.

来源

Sources

National Museum of African American History and Culture ↗Library of Congress · Harlem Renaissance ↗