美国最重要的家庭返乡与共同用餐节点之一，也承载国家起源神话、原住民历史、橄榄球和零售季开启之间的冲突。
A major U.S. homecoming and meal, carrying tension among national origin stories, Native history, football, and retail season.
北美早有原住民收获与感谢传统，欧洲殖民者也在佛罗里达、德州、缅因和弗吉尼亚举行过不同形式的感恩活动。1621 年普利茅斯殖民者与 Wampanoag 人的三日聚会后来被塑造成全国起源故事，但不是现代节日的简单起点。
Native communities held harvest and thanksgiving traditions long before Europeans, who later marked different thanksgivings in Florida, Texas, Maine, and Virginia. The 1621 Plymouth-Wampanoag gathering became a national origin story later, not a simple beginning of the modern holiday.
George Washington 于 1789 年宣布全国感恩日，但并未形成固定年节。编辑 Sarah Josepha Hale 长期推动全国统一庆祝，Abraham Lincoln 在内战中的 1863 年宣布十一月最后一个星期四为感恩日。1941 年法律最终固定为十一月第四个星期四。
George Washington proclaimed a national thanksgiving in 1789 without creating an annual holiday. Editor Sarah Josepha Hale campaigned for national observance; Abraham Lincoln set the last Thursday in November during the Civil War in 1863. A 1941 law fixed the fourth Thursday.
火鸡、stuffing/dressing、土豆、蔓越莓酱和派常见，但地区与族群家庭会加入 tamales、通心粉奶酪、米饭、海鲜或其他家常菜。电视游行、NFL、大学宿敌赛、感恩祷告、朋友聚餐（Friendsgiving）和饭后剩菜共同构成不同家庭版本。
Turkey, stuffing/dressing, potatoes, cranberry sauce, and pie are common, while regional and ethnic households add tamales, macaroni and cheese, rice, seafood, or other family dishes. Parades, NFL, college rivalries, prayer, Friendsgiving, and leftovers create different versions.
把 1621 年写成殖民者与原住民和谐共处的温馨开端，会遮蔽之后的土地侵占、战争、疾病与殖民统治。部分原住民把这一天视为哀悼与抗议日；教育和商业内容不应使用单一“Pilgrim and Indian”装扮重演。
A harmonious 1621 story obscures later dispossession, war, disease, and colonial rule. Some Native people observe mourning and protest. Education and commerce should not stage a single “Pilgrim and Indian” costume story.
感恩节开启年末购物高峰，紧接黑色星期五、Small Business Saturday 和 Cyber Monday。返乡、餐桌、烹饪、主客关系、剩菜、观看比赛和旅行压力都是产品场景；真实历史与家庭差异不能被“感恩”口号覆盖。
Thanksgiving opens the year-end shopping peak, followed by Black Friday, Small Business Saturday, and Cyber Monday. Travel, hosting, cooking, leftovers, games, and stress are product occasions, but history and family difference cannot be erased by gratitude slogans.
确认邀请、返乡与分工
Invitations, travel, and planning
准备食物、接待与相聚
Cooking, hosting, and gathering
剩菜、返程与零售活动
Leftovers, return trips, and retail
感恩节固定在十一月第四个星期四；黑色星期五是相邻的零售节点。页面将家庭节日与营销计划分开，避免把感谢、团聚与折扣混成同一种表达。
Thanksgiving falls on the fourth Thursday in November; Black Friday is the adjacent retail occasion. Family observance and marketing planning are separate views, so gratitude, gathering, and discounts are not treated as the same message.
来源：美国国会图书馆 · 日期沿革Source: Library of Congress · holiday date主人／来客：对应准备、招待与赴约的不同角色。
Host and guest: different roles in preparing, welcoming, and attending.
参加者各带一道菜的聚餐安排；不要假设每场感恩节聚会都采用这种方式。
A meal to which participants contribute dishes; not every Thanksgiving gathering uses this arrangement.
餐后剩余食物；与节日当天的摆盘是不同使用情境。
Food remaining after a meal, a different use context from serving the holiday dinner.
编辑应用示例：餐具内容可以围绕主人如何接待和分餐；收纳内容可以围绕饭后的整理。先选择一个真实场景，再决定产品表达，不必把火鸡、枫叶和所有秋季符号一起堆进画面。
Editorial application: servingware content can focus on hosting and portioning; storage content can focus on clearing up. Pick one real situation before deciding the product presentation.